Greenfly

-       A great environmental impact on the methods of transportation and distance.

-       End-of-life destination and lifespan determines how long the product will last (during or without usage) and it is important in designing a sustainable product.

-       Very important to use recyclable and reusable materials to reduce waste.

Conclusion: It is important and essential to research on the lifecycle stages of a product, which includes manufacture, transport, use and end of life, as this will contribute towards the environment, wastage of materials and energy.

Autodesk: Whole systems and lifecycle thinking

- It is important to define the problem by examining the whole system.

- East stages of the product’s usage should be brainstorm to come up with different solutions. Could pick the efficient solution with the minimum wastage.

- Repeat several times to come up with a better solution.

Conclusion: When designing a product, as a designer, should consider the whole system about the product’s manufacturing, usage, recycling end-of-use etc.

Autodesk: Improving Product Lifetime

-       Durability of a product; how a product could last on usage. Important aspects of design as if the product could not last due to the wrong material choice.

-       Repair and Upgrade;This could be done when the product is easy to be assembled and re assembled.

-       It is important for a designer that the product could be recycled easily without wasting a lot of energy.

Conclusion: Products must not only design to last longer but also to good end-of-life.

Autodesk: Light weighting

-       Decrease unnecessary weight.

-       This strategy could not work when it affects the environment negatively.

-       To the make materials the energy use is very large.

Conclusion: It is an important factor to consider, as it is beneficial for the products and the consumers.

Autodesk: Green Materials Selection

-       Green materials; non toxic and doesn’t waste energy and cost in manufacturing process

-       Recycled materials could reduce embodied energy.

-       A good material could be defined when the right physical properties is combined.

Conclusion: When designing a product it is important to balance the physical properties to create a good material in functions.

Autodesk: Energy efficient design

-       Transformation of energy and the level of energy used to convert into another form of energy.

-       During product usage, energy levels decreases through friction, heat, resistance, vibration and noise.

-       During extraction of materials and during manufacturing processes, amount of energy used should be known; mining, transport, electrical transmission efficiency should be known.

Conclusion: Research for sustainable energy in order to improve the design.